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(Pagina aangemaakt: Implantable cardioverter defibrillator) |
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Implantable | [[Image:Picture_ICD.jpg|thumb|An ICD (Internal Cardioversion Device)]] | ||
[[Image:ICD_wound.jpg|thumb|An ICD is usually implanted subcutaneously]] | |||
[[Image:ICD_readout.jpg|thumb|The information stored in the ICD's memory can be read out using a coil that is put on the patients clothing near the ICD. Stored information includes battery life remaining and ICD shocks]] | |||
ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ): this device can detect and treat [[Ventricular Tachycardia]] and [[Ventricular Fibrillation]]. Usually the first treatment is anti-tachy pacing (pacing at a rate +- 10% above the ventricular rate in ventricular tachycardia, which can convert the rhythm to sinus rhythm). If this is not effective an defibrillator shock is delivered, usually with 16-36 Joules of energy. ICDs can save lives in patients who have a high risk of ventricular arrhythmias. All ICDs have optional pacemaker activity to treat bradycardias. New biventricular ICDs have 3 leads: an atrial lead, a left ventricular lead and a right ventricular lead.<cite>Passman</cite><cite>DiMarco</cite> | |||
==A short history of ICD therapy== | |||
*1849 First graphical registration of VF<cite>Hoffa</cite> | |||
*1899 First documented defibrillation of a dog with ventricular fibrillation (VF) in dogs.<cite>Prevost</cite> | |||
*1947 The thoracic surgeon Claude Beck saved the first human life by the successful use of cardiac defibrillation in a 14-year-old boy who developed VF during a thoracic surgical procedure and went on to achieve a full recovery.<cite>Beck</cite> | |||
*1973 Concept of implantable ICD<cite>Mirowski1</cite> | |||
*1980 First human implantation of an ICD<cite>Mirowski</cite> | |||
==References== | |||
<biblio> | |||
#Hoffa Hoffa M,Ludwig C., Ztschrft Rat Med 1850; 9:107 | |||
#Prevost Prevost J, Batelli F. ''La mort par les courants electriques: courant alternative a bas voltage.'' J Physiol Path Gen. 1899; 1: 399–412. | |||
#Beck Beck C, Pritchard W, Heil H. ''Ventricular fibrillation of long duration abolished by electric shock.'' JAMA. 1947; 135: 985–986. | |||
#Mirowski pmid=6991948 | |||
#Mirowski1 pmid=4490731 | |||
#Passman Passman, Kadish. Circulation. 2007;116:561-571. | |||
#DiMarco pmid=14602883 | |||
</biblio> | |||